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1994-09-03
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Document 0147
DOCN M9490147
TI Risk factors for HIV-1 infection in adults in a rural Ugandan community:
a case-control study.
DT 9411
AU Malamba SS; Wagner HU; Maude G; Okongo M; Nunn AJ; Kengeya-Kayondo JF;
Mulder DW; Medical Research Council (UK) Programme on AIDS in Uganda,;
Entebbe.
SO AIDS. 1994 Feb;8(2):253-7. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/94318210
AB OBJECTIVE: To study in depth sexual history and sexual behaviour
variables as risk factors for HIV-1 infection in a rural Ugandan
population. METHODS: Following a socioeconomic and serological survey of
a rural population in Masaka District, south-west Uganda, 233 randomly
selected HIV-1-positive cases and 233 negative controls matched on age
and village of residence, were invited in October 1990 to participate in
a case-control study. A total of 132 cases and 161 controls attended for
in-depth investigation including an interview about sexual behaviour.
RESULTS: The factor most strongly associated with increased risk of
infection was a greater number of lifetime sexual partners, with odds
ratios (OR) of 2.1 and 4.9 for those reporting 4-10 and 11 or more
partners, respectively, compared with those reporting less than four
partners. Having only one sexual partner did not provide complete
protection, a total of seven (one male, six female) subjects reporting
only one sexual partner were HIV-1-positive. Other significant factors
were a history of genital ulcers [OR, 2.9; 95% confidence intervals
(CI), 1.0-9.1) and not being a Muslim (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.8-16.5)
suggesting a possible protective effect of circumcision. There was a
suggestion that those who married within the last 7 years (OR, 2.4; 95%
CI, 0.9-6.1) and men exposed to menstrual blood (OR, 5.7; 95% CI,
0.7-49.8) were at an increased risk of HIV-1 infection. CONCLUSIONS:
These results confirm the predominant role of sexual behaviour in the
HIV-1 epidemic. Of particular concern is the observation of HIV-1
infection among those reporting only one partner. Where HIV-1 infection
is widely distributed in the general population, risk reduction
strategies should, in addition to the promotion of partner reduction,
place strong emphasis on safe-sex techniques.
DE Adolescence Adult Aged Blood/MICROBIOLOGY Case-Control Studies
Circumcision/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA Comorbidity Ethnic Groups Female
Genital Diseases, Female/EPIDEMIOLOGY Genital Diseases,
Male/EPIDEMIOLOGY Human HIV Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
*HIV-1 Male Marriage/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA Menstruation Middle Age
Prostitution/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA Risk Factors Rural Population
Sex Behavior/*STATISTICS & NUMER DATA Sexual Partners Sexually
Transmitted Diseases/EPIDEMIOLOGY Socioeconomic Factors Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't Travel/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA Uganda/EPIDEMIOLOGY
Ulcer/EPIDEMIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).